# Missing Data: Instrument-Level Heffalumps and Item-Level Woozles

• Published in 1999
In the collection
The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief overview of each of two missing data situations, and try to show the importance of considering which elusive creature a researcher might be hunting. We find that much of the previous literature does not consider the distinction between missing data at the item level or instrument level. Failure to make this distinction can partially muddle one’s treatment of missing data in important situations.

### BibTeX entry

@article{item32,
title = {Missing Data: Instrument-Level Heffalumps and Item-Level Woozles},
author = {Philip L. Roth and Fred S. Switzer III},
url = {https://archive.is/8Jq0O http://division.aomonline.org/rm/1999{\_}RMD{\_}Forum{\_}Missing{\_}Data.htm},
urldate = {2013-06-26},
abstract = {The purpose of this paper is to provide a brief overview of each of two missing data situations, and try to show the importance of considering which elusive creature a researcher might be hunting.  We find that much of the previous literature does not consider the distinction between missing data at the item level or instrument level.  Failure to make this distinction can partially muddle one’s treatment of missing data in important situations.},
comment = {},
collections = {Attention-grabbing titles},
year = 1999
}